T. Kowzan’s table showing the 13 sign systems at work in theatrical performance
1. word2. tone | spoken text | actor | auditive signs | time | auditive signs- (actor) |
3. mime4. gesture5. movement | expression of the body | visual signs | space and time | visual signs – (actor) | |
6. make-up7. hairstyle8. costume | actor’s external appearance | space | visual signs – (actor) | ||
9. props10. decor11. lighting | appearance of the stage | outside the actor | space and time | visual signs – (outside the actor) | |
12. music13. sound effects | inarticulate sounds | auditive signs | time | auditive signs- (outisde the actor |
Original source (French):
Kowzan, Tadeusz. 1968a. “Le signe au théâtre: introduction à la sémiologie de l’art du spectacle.” Diogène 61. 59-90.
—. 1968b. “The Sign in the Theater: An Introduction to the Semiology of the Art of the Spectacle.” Trans. Simon Pleasance. Diogenes 61. 52-80.
—. 1975. Littérature et spectacle. The Hague: Mouton.
“The implications of this systematic analysis and codification of the sign system are of great importance for the language in which a theater text is written, for it indicates that language as such is only one sign in the network of auditive and visual signs that unfold in time and space. Furthermore, Kowzan’s analysis shows that any written theater text contains within it a set of extralinguistic systems (i.e., pitch, intonation, accent, etc.) as well as an undertext (or gestural text), which are determined by the movements an actor makes while speaking that text.” From: Nikolarea, Ekaterini “Performability versus Readability: A Historical Overview of a Theoretical Polarization in Theater Translation” Translation Journal 6.4 (2002) < http://accurapid.com/journal/22theater.htm>
Categorie:B10.03- Semiotica teatrale
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